The terms “civil society organization” (CSO) and “nongovernmental organization” (NGO) are often used interchangeably.
If an organization is professionally structured, issue-focused, and operates independently of the government, it’s likely an NGO. If it’s a broader collective (including informal groups) working for societal good, it’s a CSO.
NGO (Nongovernmental Organization):
A formally structured, independent organization that operates without government control.
Typically focused on specific issues like human rights, environmental protection, or humanitarian aid.
Often involved in advocacy, service delivery, or international development.
CSO (Civil Society Organization)
A broader term that includes all organized groups outside of government and business that work for collective interests.
Encompasses NGOs but also includes unions, community groups, faith-based organizations, professional associations, and social movements.
However, all NGOs are CSOs, but not all CSOs are NGOs.
NGOs are a subset of civil society, which includes a wider variety of groups.
